If there are two authors, give both names and the date in parentheses. … If there are six or more authors, use only the first author’s name, etc., and put a comma before the date.
What is the correct punctuation for et al?
Punctuation. The “al” in “et al.” is always followed by a period. In fact, the term is an abbreviation of the Latin phrase “et alia” – the dot indicates it’s an abbreviation: et al.
Put a comma after eg APA?
for example. , “for example” (short for exempli gratia) Some studies (e.g. Jenkins & Morgan, 2010 Macmillan, 2009) have supported this conclusion. Others – for example Chang (2004) – disagreed. Always put a comma after .
How do you email et al?
The phrase et al., always followed by a period, means and others. So the above greetings would mean: Dear John and others, Hello, Kimia and others. I’m sorry Doug.
Does APA Style use a serial comma?
APA uses the serial (or Oxford) comma in lists of three or more items (e.g. Groucho, Harpo, and Zeppo). Most prefixes are unhyphenated: semi-structured, non-denominational, multimedia, antisocial, posttest, pretest, etc.
How are you, among other things?
Writers sometimes use the first author’s last name followed by et al. at the first mention of a work that has three, four, or five authors. Only when a work has six or more authors should the first citation in the text be the first author followed by et al.
Does a period go by et al?
This phrase means “and the others”. Mostly, et al. identifies other contributors (authors, editors, etc.) in a bibliographic listing, e.g. B. “Feynman, Hawking, Sagan, et al.” After et al. should always be a dot. to show that it is an abbreviation.
How to spell correctly
The abbreviation “that is” must always appear in a sentence with a small “i” and a small “e” with a period between the two letters. Do not italicize or bold. So the abbreviation does not have to be formatted differently than the rest of the document or paper.
Does IE require a comma?
Virtually all American style guides recommend using both “i.e.” and “e.g.” with a comma (as if using “i.e.” and “for example” instead), the same sentence in American English would become: You sell computer components, e.g. motherboards, graphics cards, processors.
What can I say instead of et al?
When reading aloud, one pronounces the full term and alii (ou and alia) in the same way as when reading the abbreviation etc. Alternatively, you and others can say as you would say, for example, if you say e.g. Shortcut.
How do you write and such?
The abbreviation “et al. (meaning “and others”) is used to shorten in-text citations from three or more authors. Here’s how it works: Include only the first author’s last name, followed by “et al.”, a comma, and the year of publication, for example (Taylor et al., 2018).
Why doesn’t AP style use an Oxford comma?
The use of the Oxford comma is stylistic, meaning that some style guides require its use while others do not. AP Style – the style guide journalists adhere to – does not require the use of the Oxford comma. The sentence above written in AP style would look like this: Please bring me a pencil, an eraser and a notebook.
Does the Chicago Manual of Style use the Oxford comma?
commas. F. Chicago, APA, and other American English style guidelines require a comma before the conjunction in a series of three or more elements, per stalk and white. … And since it’s commonly known as the Oxford comma, the British seem to have been interested in it for some time too.